At the beginning of the twentieth century British art developed rapidly in response to new ideas emerging from continental Europe. Roger Fry’s Manet and the Post-Impressionists exhibition of 1910 is seen as the beginning of modern art in Britain and had an immediate impact, notably on the artists of the Camden Town and Bloomsbury groups. Futurism and Vorticism brought even more challenging ideas and a new approach to painting seen in the work of Nevinson, Wyndham Lewis and Roberts. Paul Nash, John Piper and Graham Sutherland incorporated abstraction and Surrealism into their work while building on a romantic landscape tradition that dated back to Turner and Samuel Palmer. Mavericks like Stanley Spencer and L S Lowry pursued their own unique visions.